Afghanistan: Aziz Rafiee: 'We Have Not Yet Diagnosed the Pathology of the Problems That Infect Afghanistan' --- When I first started working in a semi-governmental organization operating between the private sector and the state, I noticed that my educational background was not recognized. Despite my higher levels of education, I was working under a superior who had half of my level of education but much stronger relationships in the political sphere. -- I lost my wife during the civil wars and my son became disabled. I was injured during the fighting between the groups in Kabul and all of my family's possessions were looted, including a number of volumes of manuscripts of my book which I had been working on for several years. --- Freedom of expression as we are now experiencing it in Afghanistan is at an unprecedented level; we have never experienced this, not even during the 'decade of democracy'. Many taboos are being uncovered, for instance, about political groupings in Afghanistan and systems of governance. Other achievements are that Afghanistan has become a partner of the international community, and there is a level of citizenship accountability in the country. -- The newly established democratic environment has created space for tolerance and peaceful coexistence. Seeing previous enemies standing together sends a strong message. --- We have not yet diagnosed the pathology of the problems that infect Afghanistan. Quite serious and fundamental issues, such as questions of national unity and identity, the basic principles of our society, have not been discussed. My great fear is that we may not even confront these issues. Without going deeper, we might find that the present environment of tolerance is only superficial, which could have very dangerous consequences. --- The biggest challenge in Afghanistan is the expansion of the culture of impunity. This exists only for the rulers, the strongmen and the Mafia. Laws are not equally implemented -- they apply to the vulnerable but not to the strong men who are breaking them. When the son of a minister kills someone, he does not go to prison, not even for a day. Yet another person accused of murder spends five years in prison without even having a trial. -- There is a serious crisis of trust in society and the government of Afghanistan is to blame for it. War and internal miseries do create massive crises that seep into the culture of a country. -- It is not possible to live in the age of information technology and knowledge, and have the schools closed. --- The most important factor is the conservatism that prevails with respect to social issues. Lack of education and economic poverty are other factors. Women are consistently used as a means of labor in families. --- My eldest daughter is in her fourth year at university studying economics. I wish that she will be self-dependent, that she will not have to look to her family or her husband for her daily expenses and be able to earn a decent living through her own work. My second wish is that she will have the knowledge and the ability to comprehend the social and cultural issues she faces. -- During the past 25 years, I have engaged extensively in activities to raise awareness about human rights issues. - More, "Unveiling Afghanistan, the Unheard Voices of Progress" - Huffpost, http://www.huffingtonpost.com/unveiling-afghanistan/aziz-rafiee-we-have-not-y_b_5330738.html?utm_hp